A chapter in the IMF’s Financial Stability Report highlights how emerging and developing countries will need to mobilize $2 trillion per year for climate mitigation – 90% of it from the private sector when China is excluded. Many countries face an uphill task because credit ratings that are lower investment grade, sub-investment grade or not rated turn off many institutional investors, and multilateral development banks don’t attract as much private finance as they could. In some cases, these countries would increase their long-term creditworthiness by investing in climate mitigation rather than if they are unable to at the scale required.